Thursday, 11 April 2013

IHC stops chairman FBR from working


ISLAMABAD: Islamabad High Court (IHC) while halting Chairman Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) Ali Arshad Hakeem from his job function, ISLAMABAD: Islamabad High Court (IHC) while halting Chairman Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) Ali Arshad Hakeem from his job function, cancelled notification of his appointment, The notification was annulled by Justice Shaukat Aziz.

Blast near NADRA office injures 4 in Kharan

QUETTA: Four persons were wounded when a blast occurred near NADRA office in Kharan Monday, According to initial reports, miscreants attacked the NADRA building in Kharan with explosives and fled from the site. As a result of explosion, four persons were injured who have been shifted to hospital for treatment, police told. It is pertinent to mention that it is the second attack of the similar nature on any government building in the past one week.Earlier, District Election Commission’s office was also attacked in which one person was injured. Police retaliated and opened fire after which the militants escaped from the scene.

WikiLeaks to release more records

LONDON: Whistleblowing website WikiLeaks was on Monday to publish more than 1.7 million US diplomatic and intelligence documents from the 1970s, founder Julian Assange revealed. The website has collated a variety of records including cables, intelligence reports and congressional correspondence and is releasing them in a searchable form.Assange has carried out much of the work from his refuge in Ecuador's embassy in London and told the domestic Press Association that the records highlighted the "vast range and scope" of US influence around the world.Assange has been holed up in the tiny diplomatic mission for nine months as he seeks to avoid extradition to Sweden over allegations of rape and sexual assault, which he denies.WikiLeaks sent shockwaves around the diplomatic world in 2010 when it released a set of more than 250,000 leaked US cables.The new records, dating from the beginning of 1973 to the end of 1976, have not been leaked and are available to view at the US national archives. They include many communications which were sent by or to then US secretary of state Henry Kissinger.Many of the documents, which WikiLeaks has called the Public Library of US Diplomacy (PlusD), are marked NODIS (no distribution) or Eyes Only, while others were originally marked as secret.Assange fled to the Ecuadorian embassy in June after losing his battle in the British courts against extradition to Sweden.Ecuador granted him asylum in August but Britain has refused to allow him safe passage out of the country, sparking a diplomatic stalemate.Assange founded the WikiLeaks website that enraged Washington by releasing cables and war logs relating to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan in one of the biggest security breach in US history. (AFP)

Nine killed in Afghan roadside blast

SEOUL: North Korea appears to be preparing a fourth nuclear test as well as a provocative missile launch, South Korea said Monday,  despite an unusually blunt call from China for restraint.Unification Minister Ryoo Kihl-Jae told lawmakers there were "signs" that another test was in the pipeline, with intelligence reports showing heightened activity at the North's Punggye-ri atomic test site."We are trying to figure out whether it is a genuine preparation for a nuclear test or just a ploy to heap more pressure on us and the US," the JoongAng Ilbo daily cited a senior South Korean government official as saying.It was the North's third nuclear test in February and subsequent UN sanctions that kickstarted the cycle of escalating military tensions on the Korean peninsula.While North Korea has made no secret of the fact that it intends to carry out further nuclear tests, most analysts believe a detonation in the current climate would be a provocative step too far, even for Pyongyang."It would just be unbelievably risky," said Robert Kelly, a political science professor at Pusan National University in South Korea."The Americans would freak out, for a start. I think a missile test is far more likely," Kelly said.Intelligence reports suggest Pyongyang has readied two mid-range missiles on mobile launchers on its east coast, and is aiming at a test-firing before the April 15 birthday of late founding leader Kim Il-Sung.Japan has ordered its armed forces to shoot down any North Korean missile headed towards its territory, a defence ministry spokesman in Tokyo said Monday.A missile launch would still be highly provocative, especially given the strong rebuke the North's sole ally China handed it at the weekend and a US concession to delay its own planned missile test."No one should be allowed to throw a region, even the whole world, into chaos for selfish gains," Chinese President Xi Jinping told an international forum in southern China on Sunday.Although he did not mention North Korea by name, Xi's remarks were taken as a clear warning to the regime in Pyongyang, which is hugely dependent on China's economic and diplomatic support.By AFP

High treason: SC seeks govt stance against Musharraf


ISLAMABAD, While hearing the high treason petition, the Supreme Court on Monday sought government’s stance against former military ruler Gen (R) Pervez Musharraf. A two-member bench of the apex court headed by Justice Jawad S Khwaja heard the petition, seeking to try Musharraf for treason for imposing emergency rule in 2007. During case proceeding, petitioner Maulvi Iqbal Haider’s counsel AK Dogar presented arguments before the bench. Advocate-on-Record Zafar Abbas Naqvi objected saying that AK Dogar has not right to present arguments in the case. Naqvi requested the bench for withdrawal of the application, saying that he had not received any instructions from his client regarding the petition. Justice Jawad S Khwaja remarked that absence of instruction does not mean the bench would allow withdrawal of the application. The case hearing is underway. Pervez Musharraf returned to Pakistan on March 24 following four years of self-imposed exile.He is running in the parliamentary elections scheduled for May 11. He is already facing many court cases for his alleged involvement in the 2007 assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and the 2006 killing of Nawab Akbar Bugti, a senior Baloch politician.



Aik Chirrya Nay “N” League Ko Chit Ker Dia by Ansar Abbasi



Wednesday, 10 April 2013

Pakistan’s booming market no black and white matter

karachi stock exchange, kse, js bank, pakistan economy, pakistan business
Jahangir Siddiqui, Chairman of JS Bank Ltd, speaks during an interview with Reuters at his office in Karachi January 30, 2013. — Photo by Reuters
KARACHI: Karachi, one of Pakistan’s chaotic financial heart, is home to 18 million people, Taliban bombers, contract killers – and one of the world’s most successful stock markets.
With 49 per cent returns in 2012, the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) was one of the five best performing markets in the world. Now it is seeking a foreign partner to buy a stake and take over management of a market that has risen three-fold over the past four years.
At least some of that performance came on the back of a government amnesty that allowed people holding undeclared assets or “black money” to invest it freely in the market. And the relatively illiquid market has also been vulnerable to manipulation.
But government officials say the market’s success highlights the economic potential of a country better known for spiraling sectarian violence, the war against Al Qaeda and the Taliban, crippling power cuts and entrenched corruption.
The market’s benchmark index continues to soar to record highs — up 10.34 per cent year to date — fueled in part by expectations May elections will mark Pakistan’s first transfer of power from one democratic government to another. Previous civilian governments were all dismissed by Pakistan’s ultimate power: the military.
“Pakistan has a lot to offer investors and this is our chance to show it,” said Nadeem Naqvi, the KSE chairman. He plans to embark on a series of roadshows for potential foreign partners that will take him to London, Frankfurt and Hong Kong in the coming months.
Many of the companies listed on the KSE offer double-digit returns, low stock prices and resilient business models in this frontier market with a population of 180 million. The index still has an attractive price/earnings ratio of $8.50 despite the soaring returns of the past few years.
Pakistan now has a 4 per cent weighting in the MSCI Frontiers Market Index and has become somewhat of a discovery for foreign investors chasing new markets and yields.
The Seamier Side
But the KSE’s spectacular rise last year can at least be partly attributed to another factor entirely – the cleansing of “black money”.
The market took off last year just as a government decree was finalised allowing people to buy stocks with no questions asked about the source of the cash.
Average daily volume more than doubled last year to 173 million shares from 79 million in 2011.
Authorities say the measure will bring undocumented funds into the tax net in a country where few pay taxes. But some critics decried it as a gift to corrupt officials and criminals seeking to launder dirty cash.
“Politics and dirty money go hand in hand in Pakistan,” said Dr. Ikramul Haq, a Supreme Court lawyer and a professor on tax law.
“People want to be outside the regulatory framework and outside the tax net.”
The black money amnesty also drew attention to the seamier side of the Karachi stock market. Interviews with regulators, brokers, market officials and analysts showed insider trading and other manipulations are routine. Regulators have been largely ineffectual in controlling the shady practices.
The Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) said it found 23 violations of securities laws that merited fines in fiscal year 2011-12 (April/March). The market regulator sent warning letters in another 19 cases, it said in its annual report.
That’s a drop in the bucket, says Ashraf Tiwana, dismissed as head of SECP’s legal department after years of clashes with his bosses over fraud in the market. He has petitioned the Supreme Court to replace the SECP chairman and commissioners.
“There’s a lot of fraud, a lot of market manipulation … but not enough action has been taken, especially not enough criminal action has been taken,” Tiwana told Reuters. “They’re just passing small fines and giving out warning letters.”
Regulators are too close to the market, Tiwana said. The head of the stock exchange is a former broker and the two top members of the SECP are former employees of Aqeel Karim Dhedhi, founder of one of the country’s biggest brokerage houses.
Big Dhedhi
Nicknamed “Big Dhedhi” for his ability to move markets, Aqeel Karim Dhedhi heads one of Pakistan’s largest domestic conglomerates, the AKD Group.
Lately, the well-known philanthropist and leading member of Pakistan’s business establishment has been trying to fend off arrest over allegations of insider trading.
An SECP investigator accused traders, including Dhedhi’s brokerage, of buying shares in a state-run Sui Southern Gas Co before an official announcement allowing the company to raise its prices. In the weeks before Sui Southern’s announcement, the stock price jumped from 13.5 rupees to 20 rupees, its biggest hike in five years.
The National Accountability Bureau, the state-run anti-corruption agency, called it a case of insider trading. But the SECP said its own confidential investigation showed no evidence of fraud. The SECP whistleblower in the case has been suspended from her job for disclosing “confidential information”.
Dhedhi strongly denied any wrongdoing and said he purchased his gas stocks years before the announcement.
“There is nothing there. The (SECP) report totally cleared us,” said Dhedhi, a burly man wearing a traditional long cotton shirt and baggy pants. “I’m proud to say that in more than 40 years of operating, we’ve never paid a penny in fines.”
Dhedhi says he often offers advice to government officials on financial policy. His business empire includes two equity funds that were among the best performing in Asia in 2012.
“The SECP has really started listening to the market,” Dhedhi said, a suited executive acting as translator.
Revolving Door
Dhedhi remains under investigation. But even if regulators were to find him guilty of insider trading, past practice shows he would likely get a slap on the wrist. The SECP’s fines are almost always a fraction above the amount of money made in the stock manipulation, and sometimes even less.
In December, a broker was fined half the amount he made from trades that manipulated the share price of tobacco giant Philip Morris. In February, the SECP fined Pakistani brokerage BMA Capital $500,000 – after it made $460,000 by misleading a foreign client. BMA Capital has appealed.
Imtiaz Haider, the SECP commissioner in charge of market regulation, acknowledged fines were largely symbolic. If they were too high, he said, brokers might not be willing to pay them. Contesting fines in the congested court system could take years.
“The purpose is more to name and shame,” Haider said in an interview. “It causes them reputational damage.”
Like KSE Chairman Nadeem Naqvi, Haider is a former employee of Dhedhi’s. Both men denied any conflict of interest.
“It’s important to have people in charge who know the way markets work,” Haider said. “I’ve had lots of other jobs than just working for Dhedhi.”
The SECP can revoke licenses, impose hefty fines, or open criminal cases against offenders. But it almost never does. It has launched only 10 criminal cases in the past five years – all still held up in the judicial backlog. It has issued dozens of small fines.
“We have great laws and regulations but they are not properly enforced,” said Khalid Mirza, a former SECP chief. “The SECP is just catching the small fish as far as I can see.”
Naqvi, the KSE head, acknowledged his priority has been to boost the market, not to crack down on it.
“My management style isn’t confrontational because I want to build confidence in the market,” he said.
Separating the commercial and the regulatory functions of the market is one of the main reasons the KSE is looking for a foreign partner. It has appointed Deutsche Bank as its advisor on its quest to demutualise – a process that will separate those two functions.
“Demutualization is another step on the road to reform,” Naqvi said. “Right now we have a fairly robust system. But I’m not saying it’s foolproof.”
Black to White
The Karachi market’s small size and lack of liquidity make it vulnerable to manipulation. Market capitalization is only $41.5 billion – the Bombay stock market’s capitalisation is more than 10 times higher at $578 billion.
Only a quarter of the shares are freely floated – about 30 per cent of that is held by foreign funds and investors, including Franklin Templeton, Invesco Ltd, Goldman Sachs Asset Management and Mackenzie Financial Corporation.
Since only 60 of KSE’s 600 listed companies trade regularly, small trades can rapidly make a big difference in a company’s share price.
Boosting volumes on the exchange was one of the intentions behind Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari’s decree last April turning black money into white.
It said no questions could be asked by the Federal Board of Revenue about the source of funds invested in stocks till July 2014. The investments become legally legitimate.
The pool of such funds is potentially huge. A report by the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime projected the size of Pakistan’s informal or “black” economy at $34 billion in 2010-11, one-fifth of the formal economy.
The Paris-based Financial Action Task Force, which monitors money laundering, said the decree did not contravene Pakistan’s existing anti-money laundering legislation. But anecdotal evidence suggests controls are lax.
In one case shown to Reuters by a lawyer, a man invested $10 million buying stocks in a single transaction. His address: a Karachi slum notorious for Taliban infiltration.

Mangal Bagh becomes LI, Taliban supremo in Khyber

Taliban. — Reuters/File Photo
LANDI KOTAL: Mangal Bagh has become supreme leader of both the Lashkar-i-Islam (LI) and Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) for the tribal region of Khyber.
“The decision to elevate Mangal Bagh to the status of supreme commander for Khyber was taken at a joint shura of Taliban and LI ‘commanders’,” highly placed government officials said.
They said the high-ranking ‘commanders’ of both the Taliban and LI had agreed to coordinate with each other and consult on all matters of mutual importance, particularly those pertaining to Tirah valley and the Khyber Agency.
The decision to strike a deal with the LI chief came at a time when the TTP tightened its grip in the areas it had snatched from Ansaarul Islam, a pro-government armed group.
Lashkar-i-Islam is also well entrenched in Sipah, Akkakhel and Malikdin Khel areas of Tirah.
The elevation of Mangal Bagh to the position of supreme commander coincided with a two-pronged army offensive against the TTP and LI, with the military suffering high losses in just four days of intense fighting.
The army launched a ground offensive against the banned LI from the Bazaar-Zakhakhel side while descending into the Bara valley and attacking the LI positions and from the Sheen Qamar side and thus reaching out to the LI hideouts in the area.
The air force fighters also conducted several sorties over the area under the control of the TTP and targeted a number of their hideouts.
“The main thrust of the current military offensive is the Mangal Bagh-led Lashkar-i-Islam while the Taliban area is dealt with through the air strikes,” the officials said, adding that the army had made inroads into the LI-controlled areas.
The areas under the control of both the Taliban and LI are infamous for poppy cultivation and illicit drug trade with Afghanistan. “The money accrued from the narcotics trade is one of the main sources of income for both the groups in the otherwise picturesque valley of Tirah, bordering Afghanistan, Kurram and Orakzai agencies,” the officials said, adding that the Taliban laid their hands on poppy crop cultivated over a vast land when they had taken control of the areas dominated by Kukikhel and Ansaarul Islam in May last year and March this year.
Tirah is one of the first tribal territories where the army set its foot in 2002 in order to curb infiltration of Al Qaeda insurgents into Pakistan after the Tora Bora debacle in Afghanistan. The army remained there for some time, but was later recalled, thus leaving the area at the mercy of local armed groups of Lashkar-i-Islam, Ansaarul Islam and Tawheedul Islam.
Fighting between the groups to gain control of the valley left hundreds of their men as well as innocent people dead over the past eight years.
CASUALTIES: A spokesman for the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said 23 soldiers and 110 militants had been killed during the fierce fighting in Tirah.
The army, backed by fighter planes and helicopter gunships, had launched an operation against the Taliban and its allies in the remote valley four days ago and the fighting continued on Tuesday.
“In four days of fighting, 110 militants and 23 army soldiers have been killed and dozens of militants injured,” a senior military official told a foreign news agency.
“The valley has not been cleared of the militants yet, even though jet fighters and helicopter gunships pounded their positions,” the official said, adding that militants could easily sneak into other semi-autonomous tribal regions near the Afghan border, a strategy they often employed when the pressure was on.

‘Attacks won’t stop us from educating our children’



KARACHI: A week after losing its principal to a hand grenade attack by extremists, the Nation Secondary School in Baldia’s Ittehad Town reopened on Monday. However, on Tuesday, there were not many students and the school had to be closed earlier than the usual time.
With half of its structure reconstructed after three hand grenades were lobbed on the school building on March 30, there is an apparent calm as school staff goes about their work like any other day. However, the men inside the school are conscious and aware of the threat that looms around them.
Aijaz Ahmed, the 17-year-old son of deceased school principal Rasheed Ahmed, is looking after the school along with his cousin and Rasheed’s nephew, Aftab Ahmed. With a white skull cap on his head, he kept folding and unfolding his hands as he spoke about what happened that day.
A distribution ceremony was going on inside the school with children from all grades present, making it around 456 students, plus teaching staff and guests. The children were waiting for the magic show to begin, when one by one, they heard three hand grenades go off.
“Out of the three hand grenades thrown towards the building, two hit the school wall. One landed straight inside the school, injuring seven of our students,” Aijaz said. Out of those injured, 10-year-old Tahira Noor who was a grade four student died after succumbing to a spinal injury.
Just seconds later, as people looked at each other to make sure they were all right, gunmen opened fire at the school, hitting Principal Rasheed Ahmed and chief guest, Mian Syed Wahid, straight away. Nobody knows where the shots came from, but Aijaz said they may have been “fired from the opposite two storey building”.
Rasheed died on his way to the nearby Murshid Hospital after suffering ten gunshot wounds on his temple, arms, ribs and legs. “We thought of shifting him to Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, but it was too late,” adds Aijaz. Mian Wahid, however, survived the attack, and was shifted to another hospital where he is currently undergoing treatment.
Rasheed, known in the area as Awami National Party’s vice president of district west, was “despised by some” for initiating girls’ education in the area, added Aijaz. It was Rasheed’s pet project as a social worker, his son adds, to begin a co-education school in the area. Built in 2001, the Nation Secondary School had only two rooms and a handful of students who came from nearby neighborhoods.
Hajra Gul, 26, joined as a student and is currently one of the 12 teachers associated with the school. When asked about the uncertainty and insecurity after the March 30 attack, she shrugged, saying “violence is a part of Karachi”. However, she firmly added: “We may be attacked but that will not stop us from educating our children, be they of any gender.”
Aftab Ahmed, Rasheed’s nephew, said the school was running on welfare funds provided by a local NGO and with the donations Rasheed received from friends and associates. Both Aftab and Aijaz deny the attack being the work of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and claimed that such reports were manufactured by the police.
“Police and the media are incessantly reporting that Taliban are behind the attack on our school and my father; it is not true. I haven’t said it anywhere,” Aijaz said, while Aftab added: “My uncle was more than a political worker; he worked for the people.”
Mian Syed Wahid’s son, who only goes by his first name Anwar, reiterated the same. Speaking about Rasheed, he said “four months back, he survived an attack while he was in an ANP office in the same area (Ittehad Town)”. When asked why, Anwar said: “he (Rasheed) was helping the SSP and the SHO in the area in locating criminals.”
Without naming anyone as a perpetrator, ANP’s general secretary Bashir Jan said: “It is an ongoing struggle for female education initiated by our workers. We’ll keep on resisting any dictations to follow a particular brand of Islam. Whether I keep a beard or keep my shalwar higher or lower to my ankles is my personal issue. We won’t accept it and won’t accept it to be imposed on anyone else either.”
Now that the school is reopened, Aijaz said Syed Wahid has been selected as principal of the school. Wahid has been running a free tuition center in Banaras Colony for the past 16 years, even while he worked as a finance and budget officer at Port Qasim.
“To keep this school running, we need people who are passionate and do not care about security or protocol,” said Aijaz

Overseas Pakistanis’ right to vote

With elections around the corner, a tussle has developed between the Supreme Court and the Election Commission of Pakistan. One insists that the commission make voting arrangements for overseas Pakistanis – the other is adamant that the logistics of managing this task within the next month is next to impossible.
The Supreme Court granted overseas Pakistanis the right to vote last year in February. While in the middle, there was much talk of arrangements being made to implement this right, the ECP now says that any haphazard arrangements, such as voting via an online database, will leave the credibility of free and fair elections under question. Hacking is one hazard, identity impersonation is another. Many countries are already facing problems with E-voting, according to the ECP.
The attorney general, Irfan Qadir, for one, argues that overseas Pakistanis have not been deprived of their right to vote, since they can come back to their home constituencies and vote from there if they like.
Those who are living abroad, however, see it another way. For them, as citizens of Pakistan, they have the right to cast their vote as much as anyone else. Many feel that considering the amount of money they invest in Pakistan in terms of remittances, for example, means it is even more unfair for their voice to be ignored.
Moreover, if Pakistanis living outside the country can exercise their franchise, it could actually have a significant impact on certain constituencies where there are extremely high numbers of Pakistanis living abroad. It can be argued that very few people can afford to come back at a moment’s notice just to cast their vote.
But with time running out, a decision has to be made fast. Is the provision of facilities for voting from abroad feasible? Is it worth the possible consequences of unfair elections? Can the ECP establish a workable system in time?
Moreover, will giving them a chance to vote actually have a significant impact on electoral results?

600,000 ‘tricked and trapped’ into labour in Mideast: ILO

Middle East, Middle East labour laws, labour laws, UN's labour agency, International Labour Organisation, Tricked and Trapped: Human Trafficking in the Middle East, kafala, Frank Hagemann
Some women who have migrated to work as domestic workers, nurses, teachers or waitresses, “are abducted upon arrival by their freelance agents and obliged to provide commercial sexual services to clients out of private or isolated apartments or villas.” -File photo by Reuters
AMMAN: An estimated 600,000 people have been “tricked and trapped” into forced employment in the Middle East, many of them also sexually exploited, the UN’s labour agency said on Tuesday. The International Labour Organisation, issuing the findings of a two-year study based on 650 interviews, called for an overhaul of employment practices in the region, notably an end to the “kafala” system of sponsorships.Kafala, mostly prevalent in Arab states east of Egypt, which are home to more than 12 million foreign workers, requires all such labourers to have in-country sponsors, usually their employers, who are responsible for their visa and legal status.
“Labour migration in this part of the world is unique in terms of its sheer scale and its exponential growth in recent years,” said Beate Andrees, head of an ILO programme to combat forced labour.
“The challenge is how to put in place safeguards in both origin and destination countries to prevent the exploitation and abuse of these workers,” she said at the opening of a two-day conference on the issue in Amman, Jordan.
The 150-page report entitled “Tricked and Trapped: Human Trafficking in the Middle East” was based on research carried out in Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates.
“Although data is scarce, the ILO estimates that there are 600,000 forced labour victims in the Middle East,” it said.
The study singled out the kafala system, saying it was “inherently problematic” because it created an unequal power dynamic between employers and workers.
“Reforming the kafala system would significantly improve labour migration governance in this regard,” it said.
The study addressed the issue of animal herders, who are recruited from many Asian countries, including Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka.
“Several migrants interviewed by the research team had originally been recruited as domestic workers but later were moved on to work as animal herders, taking care of sheep, camels and other livestock out in the desert,” it said.
“The vulnerability to debt was highlighted by the results of a survey of Asian workers in Qatar: Half of those interviewed had paid recruiting agencies a fee before leaving home; the average fee was 2,000 Qatari rials ($550), and some had paid much more, putting themselves deep in debt.”
The report said the research team found evidence that showed “the particular vulnerability of Asian and African women migrant workers to deceived and coerced into sexual exploitation.”
Some women who have migrated to work as domestic workers, nurses, teachers or waitresses, “are abducted upon arrival by their freelance agents and obliged to provide commercial sexual services to clients out of private or isolated apartments or villas.”
The study criticised as insufficient laws that “reinforce underlying vulnerabilities of migrant workers” and restrict their ability to terminate employment contracts and to change employers.
A lack of inspections kept domestic workers isolated and heightened their “vulnerability to exploitation,” said the study, warning against “the real risks of detention and deportation for workers who are coerced into sex work”.
In male-dominated economic sectors such as construction, manufacturing, seafaring and agriculture, “workers are routinely deceived with respect to living and working conditions, the type of work to be performed, or even the existence of a job at all,” it said.
“Human trafficking can only be effectively tackled by addressing the systemic gaps in labour migration governance across the region,” said Frank Hagemann, ILO deputy regional director for Arab states.

FPW shows an eclectic mix of young & old

Models present creations by the House of Maheen on the first day of Fashion Pakistan Week.–Photo by Reuters
KARACHI: The House of Maheen opened the fifth edition of Fashion Pakistan Week on Tuesday evening with the story of a bird with a collection based on the IUCN Red List.
Wisps of fabric structured to form a boa in striking colours against a mute outfit, parakect/canary yellow and feather prints with elaborate headgear in mesh, plazzos, play with draping, gold detailing, silhouettes and classic Maheen Khan cuts.
Also spotted in the collection were a halter top blouse and Ayyan jersey fabric blouse with Fawzia in a black version of the same, Nadia Hussain in a toga-inspired dress. Showstopper Fayezah Ansari in a sequined ivory bridal outfit brought an end to the presentation.
Metalistic by Deepak & Fahad showcased fun, funky wear, free-spirited and a bold collection with chains, rings, rocks, broaches, etc on a colour palette of ash, dark grey and blue denoting power and distinct energy in both menswear and women’s wear. Studded, cropped jackets, men’s kurtis, sheer kurtas and more comprised the diverse collection.
Zari Faisal’s vintage feel oil paintings inspired Plush collection dedicated to her  late cousin Rukaiya Yousuf featured pinks, corals, beiges and gold in mix and match, handwork and detailing. It featured metallic bustier, jewelled faux necklines on short dresses and more.
Orient Textile Mills Spring /Summer 2013 collection saw Egyptian cotton outfits making a fashion statement in spring fabric detailing what was dubbed as “a sensual discoveries of today’s diva”.
Amir Baig showed stripes that have been a design inspiration since the 1930s, and paid a rich tribute to over 150 years of the design element first featured on the uniform of French sailors. Ultra minis and fitted shorts with matching accessories along with flared, pleated skirts featured here.
Mona Imran employed vibrant animal prints inspired by the big cats in her Safari collection for confident woman with a handful of fantastical cuts.
Ayesha Hasan’s self-titled timeless pieces in marori, vasli, gota and aari work with hip foot accessories had some brilliant singular pieces shown to remix trance music. Shirts, capes with calligraphy graphics, hints of Islamic architectural motifs with silhouettes and cuts kept the collection interesting. Nadia Hussain in a ganga jamini gota long coat in wine red was just a few of the outfits that brought the designer’s pret, couture and bridal influences to the ramp.
Show Two
After a short break, the Show Two segment of the first day opened with Ahsan Nazir’s global remix, a jumble of print and embroidery and contemporary bazaar followed by Emraan Rajput’s grey-tone collection with minimal thread embellishments. Other designers who displayed their collections included Aamna Aqeel, Rizwanullah, Faiza Saqlain and Baani D.
Day Two will feature the design takes of Shameel Ansari, Arsalan and Yasheer, Ayesha Ibrahim, Kayseria, Obaid Shaikh, Ishtiaq Afzal, Sania Maskatiya, Sana Safinaz, Gul Ahmed, Hajra Hayat, Jafferjees, Hasina Khanani, Nauman Arfeen and Deepak Perwani.
According to an official communication, the fifth edition of the two-day FPW will showcase spring/summer collections from 27 mainstream and upcoming designers, retailers and textile houses and will feature 13 fashion-packed shows daily. The make-up and styling is by Saba Ansari and her team at Sabs Salon.
Furthermore, it was also mentioned officially that FPW5 will also celebrate the achievements of participating fashion talent through three awards. Member designers of the council will judge featured Pakistani fashion talent with three accolades during the show: Emerging Talent Award, (to recognise the efforts of up and coming fashion talent); The Diamond Designer Award (to celebrate the lifetime contributions of a designer to Pakistan’s fashion industry over a period of 18-20 years and The Best Collection Award (based on voting done via the council’s Facebook page).

Margaret Thatcher: Love or hate her

A picture in 1987 shows then British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher greeting curious Moscovites who gathered to see her in Moscow, during her official visit in USSR. —Photo by AFP
A picture in 1987 shows then British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher greeting curious Moscovites who gathered to see her in Moscow, during her official visit in USSR. —Photo by AFP
PARIS: Mikhail Gorbachev, Helmut Kohl and Bill Clinton were among the former friends and foes who joined in tributes to Margaret Thatcher, praising the fearlessness and fierce determination of an “iconic” leader.
The “Iron Lady” was a polarising figure in Britain and beyond, but foreign leaders on Monday were unanimous in acknowledging her place in 20th-century history, with President Barack Obama mourning a “true friend of America”.
Former German chancellor Kohl, considered the father of Germany’s 1990 reunification, said he “greatly valued Margaret Thatcher for her love of freedom, her incomparable openness, honesty and straightforwardness”.
Pope Francis said he recalled “with appreciation the Christian values which underpinned her commitment to public service and to the promotion of freedom among the family of nations.”
Gerry Adams, leader of the Sinn Fein republican party, said she had played a “shameful role” in the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
But on Monday most reaction to her death – at least from leaders abroad – was positive.
In Brussels, European Commission head Jose Manuel Barroso paid tribute to Thatcher’s “contributions” to the growth of the European Union, despite her deep skepticism over increasing ties with Europe.
Malaysia’s Prime Minister Najib Razak called her “a formidable figure on the world stage,” adding that she inspired many with “her strong leadership and sense of conviction.”
Australia’s Prime Minister Julia Gillard hailed her for helping to shatter the glass ceiling for women in politics. “Her service as the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom was a history-making achievement,” Gillard said in a statement.
South Korea’s first female president, Park Geun-hye – an avowed admirer of Thatcher – also paid tribute to a leader she said revived the British economy and led her nation to “an era of hope in the 1980s”.
Nancy Reagan, the wife of the late US president Ronald Reagan, said that “Ronnie and Margaret were political soulmates, committed to freedom and resolved to end communism”.
Former president Clinton hailed her as an “iconic stateswoman” who lived a “remarkable life as she broke barriers, defied expectations, and led her country”.
Pakistan’s President Asif Ali Zardari expressed profound grief over the death of former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and described her the most influential politician of her times.
“We share their loss,” the President said and added “in Baroness Thatcher’s passing away, Britain has lost a great leader.”
British lawmakers gather to honour Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher (R) greets Britain's Queen Elizabeth II (C) and Britain's Prince Philip (L) arriving for Thatcher's 80th birthday party in 2005.  —Photo by AFP
Margaret Thatcher (R) greets Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II (C) and Britain’s Prince Philip (L) who arrived for Thatcher’s 80th birthday party in 2005. —Photo by AFP
LONDON: Britain’s lawmakers will gather for a special session of parliament on Wednesday to debate the legacy of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, whose death on Monday exposed bitterly divided views on the Iron Lady’s 11 years in power.
Fellow Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron will lead proceedings, while the head of the Liberal Democrats, Nick Clegg, and Labour leader Ed Miliband are also expected to pay their respects.
But firebrand foes such as independent George Galloway have vowed to stay away in protest at Thatcher’s often divisive policies.
Queen Elizabeth II will lead mourners at Thatcher’s funeral next week, the first time the monarch will have attended the ceremony of one of her former prime ministers since Winston Churchill died in 1965.
Tributes from world leaders who hailed the role of the “Iron Lady” in bringing down communism kept flooding in as the British government announced that the funeral would be next Wednesday at St Paul’s Cathedral in London.
Speculation mounted on Tuesday that former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and ex-US first lady Nancy Reagan would be invited to the ceremonial funeral, one step down from the state funeral given to Churchill, but the same honour afforded to the Queen Mother and to Princess Diana.
But Thatcher remained as polarising in death as she did in life, with violence erupting at street parties celebrating the passing of a figure who critics say destroyed millions of lives with her free-market economic policies.
Thatcher, Britain’s first female prime minister and longest serving premier of the 20th century, died on Monday aged 87 after suffering a stroke. She had suffered from dementia for more than a decade.
Foreign Secretary William Hague, a fellow Conservative, told a briefing on Tuesday ahead of a meeting with G8 counterparts that Britain was grateful for the condolences from around the world.
“She was an inspiration to many people in other countries, not just this country, particularly people aspiring to their own freedom and democracy at a time they didn’t have it, such as behind the Iron Curtain,” Hague said.
Cameron’s office said the government had agreed during a meeting with Thatcher’s family and Buckingham Palace on April 17 for her funeral, followed by a private cremation.
“A wide and diverse range of people and groups with connections to Lady Thatcher will be invited,” it said.
The queen and her husband Prince Philip will attend, Buckingham Palace said. The monarch does not usually attend funerals or memorial services of non-royals.
Thatcher’s coffin will rest in the Houses of Parliament the night before the funeral and will be taken through the London streets on a gun carriage to the cathedral with full military honours.
Several Conservative lawmakers have called for her to receive a full state funeral but her spokesman Lord Tim Bell said Thatcher had specifically said such an observance was “not appropriate”.
A private ambulance accompanied by police motorcycle outriders removed Thatcher’s body early Tuesday from the luxury Ritz hotel in central London where she had spent the last days of her life, an AFP photographer reported.
‘Cult of greed’
But her legacy – encompassing brutal clashes with miners, the crushing of the trade unions, violent poll tax riots and the Falklands War with Argentina – remains as divisive in 2013 as it was during her premiership from 1979 to 1990.
Even in her home town of Grantham, eastern England, where she was born to a humble grocer and his wife, opinion was sharply split.
“I am glad she is dead … She closed down the mines and bought the coal from communist countries, our enemies,” said 39-year-old Michael Blocksidge outside the town’s guildhall, where the flag flew at half mast as it does over the parliament and Buckingham Palace.
Trouble erupted at several parties to celebrate her death in south London, Bristol in southwest England and Glasgow in Scotland, reminiscent of the sometimes violent protests during her time in office in the 1980s.
In Bristol six police officers were injured, one seriously, bottles and cans were thrown at officers and fires were started in bins.
Britain’s newspapers were similarly divided even if they were unanimous on the extent of Thatcher’s impact. Right-wing titles carried effusive praise, with the Daily Telegraph calling her a “champion of freedom for workers, nations and the world.” But the left-wing Guardian said she promoted a “cult of greed”.
Thatcher’s death brings joy for miners she defeated
A for-sale sign stands by the closed Clipstone Colliery in Clipstone, central England. Communities ravaged by the decline of heavy industry during her time in office said they would shed no tears. Only three deep coal pits now remain in the UK, according to Britain's Coal Authority, out of the 170 in operation in 1984 at the time of the miners' strike. —Photo by Reuters
A for-sale sign stands by the closed Clipstone Colliery in Clipstone, central England. Communities ravaged by the decline of heavy industry during her time in office said they would shed no tears. Only three deep coal pits now remain in the UK, out of the 170 in operation in 1984 at the time of the miners’ strike. —Photo by Reuters
ARMTHORPE: Mention the death of Margaret Thatcher in one of the “working men’s clubs” frequented by former coal miners in northern England, and you will be met with roars of approval.
It has been 28 years since her Conservative government crushed the miners’ year-long strike, ending one of the most bitter industrial battles in British history. But in the South Yorkshire village of Armthorpe and others like it, the anger remains as visceral as ever.
“Good riddance!” shouted one former miner from a corner of Armthorpe’s dingy club, where men with weathered faces and tattooed fingers sat nursing pints on Tuesday.
On a table, the face of Britain’s first and only female prime minister beamed out from the front page of a discarded newspaper, a day after she died at age 87.
“We’ll use that for toilet paper,” another drinker said to gales of laughter.
‘The enemy within’
The 1984-85 strike by tens of thousands of miners was one of the defining events of Thatcher’s time in power. Its violence horrified the public as militant strikers clashed with riot police, sometimes in “battles” with thousands on each side.
The dispute pitted the Iron Lady – who wanted to close dozens of loss-making coal pits – against one of her greatest foes, the miners’ firebrand leader Arthur Scargill. And it bitterly divided the miners themselves as thousands in some areas opted to stay at work. Several people were killed, including a taxi driver murdered in Wales for taking a non-striking miner to a coal pit.
The strikers, famously described by Thatcher as “the enemy within”, suffered desperate hardship during a year without work. Ultimately, their gamble failed. Thatcher’s government had built up huge supplies of coal and was able to starve them out.
The walkout ended on March 3, 1985, almost exactly a year after it started. Some returned to the coal pits in tears. Thatcher wrote in her memoirs that the strikers “wanted to defy the law of the land in order to defy the laws of economics. They failed.”
It was a stunning defeat for Scargill’s once-formidable National Union of Mineworkers, leading to the virtual end of deep coal mining in Britain as dozens of pits were gradually shut down. In 1984 Britain had around 170 working coal mines employing nearly 200,000 workers. Today there are just a handful of mines, employing some 2,000 people.
‘Thatcher destroyed this place’
Armthorpe was among the victims, losing its 76-year-old Markham Main Colliery in 1996. A housing estate was built on the site. Today, one of the few visible reminders of the village’s mining history is a huge wheel from the pit that stands as a memorial along the main road.  Its former employees remember 1985 with grim faces. Riot police, at one point, formed a ring around the village and clashes followed.
“Thatcher destroyed this place,” said 63-year-old George Fletcher, a former pit supervisor, as he sat with mates at the Armthorpe Social Club opposite the memorial.
“My dad was a miner, his dad was a miner,” he said. “But Margaret Thatcher didn’t like the working man. She worked for London. And she made a lot of people’s lives hell.”
Behind him, a younger man took a front-page photograph of Thatcher and screwed it up with clenched fists. The miners express pride at how their close-knit community struggled together through the strike, often pooling food and other resources in an effort that seemed antithetical to Thatcher’s individualistic vision of Britain.
The village baker, they recall with deep gratitude, went bankrupt providing food for the strikers on credit. But today there’s a depressed air about the place, with many former miners complaining that they and their children have difficulty finding work after the demise of the place that provided generations with employment.
“Young ‘uns here, they’ve nowt (nothing) to do,” said George Kennedy, 55, who worked at the pit for two decades before he was laid off with breathing problems.
Geoff Smith, a trustee of Armthorpe’s Working Men’s Club, said Thatcher’s triumph and the shutdown of the mining industry had “decimated” his village, and many others like it. “You’ve got to blame her for everything that’s gone wrong here – drug problems, fighting,” he told AFP. He expects the miners to arrange a party at the club to coincide with Thatcher’s funeral next Wednesday.
“If they do, I’ll drink with them,” he said. “And if she’s going to cremated,” he added with a cackle, “I’m sorry to say it – but if there’s no coal to do it with, it’s her fault!”
Murdoch lauds ‘brave’ Thatcher
A 1987 photo shows former US President Ronald Reagan and former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher on the patio outside the Oval Office, in Washington D.C.  —Photo by AFP
A 1987 photo shows former US President Ronald Reagan and former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher on the patio outside the Oval Office, in Washington D.C. —Photo by AFP
LONDON: Media tycoon Rupert Murdoch on Wednesday paid tribute to former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, crediting her with giving him the strength to face down print unions in the 1980s.
Writing in the Times, one of his News International titles, Murdoch called Thatcher, who died on Monday aged 87, “the woman who gave us back our backbone” and “undoubtedly one of the most important figures in the 20th century”.
“I found her attitude an inspiration in my business life – and never more so than when faced with the recalcitrance of the print unions in the 1980s,” he wrote.
Printers were angered by Murdoch’s decision to shift production of his newspapers to a hi-tech, less labour intensive, site in east London in 1986. The controversial businessman said Thatcher had swept away Britain’s post-war “dependency state”, which he claimed had “killed off aspiration”.
“Mrs Thatcher understood that risk was a vital ingredient in a free enterprise society,” he wrote. “She held firm in pursuit of her belief in aspiration, in the power of individual people to make the most of their talents to improve their own lives and those of their families and of society.”
“Thanks to her I have experienced in Britain many of my defining moments as a businessman, a Britain that is far more successful as a result of her brave leadership,” he added.
Anti-Thatcher song heads to top of UK charts
People gather during a 'party' to celebrate the death of Margaret Thatcher in London. —Photo by AFP
People gather during a ‘party’ to celebrate the death of Margaret Thatcher in London. —Photo by AFP
LONDON:  “Ding Dong! The witch is dead”, as sung by Judy Garland in The Wizard of Oz, on Tuesday raced to the top of the Amazon download chart in Britain, a day after the death of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
Another version sung by jazz legend Ella Fitzgerald placed at number four and also topped the iTunes UK vocal chart as record-buyers passed their judgement on the legacy of Thatcher, who died of a stroke on Monday aged 87.
The records’ success comes on the back of a Facebook campaign celebrating the death of the divisive leader.
The Official Charts Company, which collates sales from all outlets, predicts that the “macabre sense of humour of British music fans” will give the 1939 record a top 40 placing in their weekly chart.
“The leading contender by Judy Garland is likely to move into the Official Singles Chart Top 40 in its own right by Sunday if it maintains its current momentum,” it said.
SAfricans: Did Thatcher help or hinder apartheid?
A 1990 picture shows Margaret Thatcher shaking hands with ANC deputy leader Nelson Mandela inside 10 Downing Street, London, prior to talks and a luncheon. Nineteen years after the end of apartheid, South Africans are still passionately divided over whether Margaret Thatcher helped or hindered the demise of the cruel system of white rule and prolonged the jailing of Nelson Mandela. —Photo by AP
A 1990 picture shows Margaret Thatcher shaking hands with ANC deputy leader Nelson Mandela, prior to talks and a luncheon. Nineteen years after the end of apartheid, South Africans are still passionately divided over whether  Thatcher helped or hindered the demise of the cruel system of white rule and prolonged the jailing of Nelson Mandela. —Photo by AP
JOHANNESBURG: Nineteen years after the end of apartheid, South Africans are still passionately divided over whether Margaret Thatcher helped or hindered the cruel system of white rule and prolonged the incarceration of Nelson Mandela.    
The heated discussions triggered by Thatcher’s death show how influential South Africans believe she was on the fate of the last bastion of white-minority rule in Africa.
The former British leader supported the apartheid government when it was at its deadliest, killing many in the late 1980s in state terrorism at home and abroad in bombings and cross-border raids on neighboring states accused of harboring guerrilla fighters, said Pallo Jordan, a former Cabinet minister and stalwart of the governing African National Congress.
”Maggie Thatcher and Britain were important figures … they were defending (apartheid) South Africa, they were preventing international sanctions,” said Jordan to The Associated Press.
”Many lives were lost (as a result of the apartheid regime). I don’t think it’s a great loss to the world,” Jordan said of Thatcher’s death. ”I say good riddance,” he said Tuesday on South Africa’s Talk Radio 702.
Thatcher branded Mandela and his ANC movement ”terrorist”, amid concerns that they received backing from the former Soviet Union during the Cold War era and because of their guerrilla war for democracy.
Jordan was at Mandela’s first meeting with Thatcher after his release from 27 years in jail, at Downing Street in London in 1990.
”What amused the old man (Mandela) more than anything else was that here she was engaging in a conversation with this man that she thought an arch-terrorist.”
He said Mandela’s inherent charm disarmed ”the Iron Lady”, and the meeting passed without confrontation.    Thatcher’s spokesman said in 1987 that anyone who thought the ANC, then the leading anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, would govern South Africa was ”living in cloud cuckoo-land.”
But others argue that Thatcher was strongly opposed to apartheid and racism and helped influence the white government to free Mandela.
”Thatcher did more to release Nelson Mandela out of prison than any of the other hundreds of anti-apartheid committees in Europe,” Pik Botha, the last foreign minister of the apartheid regime, said Tuesday on Talk Radio 702 in Johannesburg.
F.W. de Klerk, the last apartheid-era president of South Africa, said in a statement that Thatcher, whom he called a friend, was ”a steadfast critic of apartheid.” He said she had a better grasp of the complexities and realities of South Africa than many of her contemporaries.
”She exerted more influence in what happened in South Africa than any other political leader,” de Klerk said. He said Thatcher ”correctly believed” that more could be achieved through constructive engagement with his government than international sanctions and isolation of the South African government.
Thatcher argued that sanctions were immoral because they would throw thousands of South African blacks out of work. Her stance allowed British companies to continue operating in apartheid South Africa, where the United Kingdom was the biggest trading partner and foreign investor.
Former Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda berated Thatcher bitterly at a 1986 Commonwealth conference where she refused to join six nations including Australia and Canada in imposing a package of sanctions against South Africa.
Kaunda told reporters Thatcher cut a ”very pathetic picture indeed” and accused her of ”worshipping gold, platinum and the rest” on offer from South Africa. It was a far cry from his amused references to Thatcher as ”my dancing partner” after the two famously waltzed at a 1979 Commonwealth summit of Britain and its former colonies in Livingstone, Zambia.
The rapport engendered there led Thatcher to help resolve the impasse in Rhodesia’s 7-year war. With Australian negotiators, she persuaded the warring parties to sign a peace settlement that ended that country’s white-minority rule and installed Robert Mugabe as leader of a democratic Zimbabwe in 1980.
Mugabe, now derided for destroying the economy of his country through violent and illegal grabs of white-owned farmlands, always enjoyed a collegial relationship with Thatcher. He said he admired her and that she was easier to deal with than Tony Blair who later became prime minister for Labour Party.
But Britain’s government under Thatcher ignored the killings of an estimated 20,000 Zimbabwean civilians of the minority Ndebele tribe, prompted by an uprising of dissident, that lasted from 1982 to 1987. Queen Elizabeth II even gave Mugabe a knighthood after the massacres. Donald Trelford, editor of The Observer newspaper in London, later charged that Thatcher and her Foreign Office were more concerned about their relations with Mugabe than with human rights.
Only after thousands of white farmers were driven off their land and more than a dozen killed did the queen strip Mugabe of his knighthood in 2008.
Thatcher finally was forced to impose sanctions against South Africa by following the lead of the US Congress, which in 1986 passed the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act, overriding Reagan’s presidential veto after South Africa attacked Zimbabwe, Zambia and Botswana on the same day, recalled Pallo Jordan.
The official ANC statement on Thatcher’s passing was surprisingly restrained, perhaps reflecting an African tradition of respect for the dead.
“She was one of the strong leaders in Britain and Europe, to an extent that some of her policies dominate discourse in the public service structures of the world,” said ANC national spokesman Jackson Mthembu, referring to her view that the apartheid regime was a bulwark against communism. “Her passing signals the end of a generation of leaders that ruled during a very difficult period characterised by the dynamics of the Cold War.”
Thatcher, female trailblazer who promoted few women
Floral tributes are seen being left outside the house of former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in London. —Photo by AP
Floral tributes are seen being left outside the house of  Margaret Thatcher in London. —Photo by AP
LONDON: Margaret Thatcher once said she owed nothing to feminism, but the only woman ever to become British prime minister unwittingly cleared the way for other women to succeed in the male-dominated world of politics, observers said on Tuesday.
In the impassioned debate sparked by her death on Monday, Thatcher’s role as a pioneer for women in politics is among the thorniest subjects.
In a glowing tribute in which he described her as a “true friend” of the United States, President Barack Obama said she was an example to girls that “there is no glass ceiling that can’t be shattered.”
Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard said on Tuesday that Thatcher “was a woman who changed history for women”. Yet in 11 years in office, Thatcher only appointed one woman to any of her cabinets, elevating Janet Young to leader of parliament’s upper House of Lords.
Gisela Stuart, a senior current Labour lawmaker, said whether she recognised it or not, Thatcher “broke that ceiling – she actually said that there is no place where a woman cannot go and succeed.
“While you can accuse her that she didn’t bring women in with her, she broke down the doors and it was then up to the next generation of women to walk through those doors,” Stuart told AFP.
There were around 40 women MPs in parliament’s lower House of Commons when Thatcher reluctantly left power in 1990. Today 146 of the 650 lawmakers are women. Though Stuart is from the other side of the political divide to Thatcher and the Conservatives, she said it is often overlooked that the former prime minister also took on the macho world of trade unions.
“The left likes to forget that you have to go a long way to find something more chauvinistic than the brotherhood in the trade unions. She broke their power,” she said.
Beatrix Campbell, a feminist writer and author of “The Iron Ladies: Why Do Women Vote Tory?”, said: “The remarkable thing about Margaret Thatcher was the way that she performed power not in a sense to say to women you can be like me but, ‘I am the exception’.
“Thatcher hated feminism. It’s an egalitarian project, and she was an elitist – never an egalitarian,” Campbell said in a BBC radio debate.
Thatcher never hid her contempt for feminist militants, saying: “I owe nothing to women’s lib.”
And she once commented that “I hate those strident tones we hear from some women’s libbers.”
At the same time, Thatcher, a married mother of two children, had no qualms about praising a women’s supposed advantages over men. “If you want something said, ask a man. If you want something done, ask a woman,” was one of her best-known quotes.
Margot James, a current Conservative lawmaker and the party’s first openly lesbian MP, was in her 20s when Thatcher came to power. She said it was unfair to blame Thatcher for having so few women in her cabinet, because at that time there were not many women MPs to choose from.
“She had limited room for manoeuvre in that respect. What she did was that she showed women that they could reach the very top in any field,” she said in the debate with Campbell.
“She democratised Britain in so many senses. She opened up the economy, and gave opportunities to all, regardless of gender.”
Douglas Hurd, who served as foreign minister under Thatcher, also dismissed suggestions that as a woman herself it was her job to promote women. “That wasn’t her job, for heaven’s sake,” he said. “She wanted to appoint the best people.”
China lauds Thatcher but Hong Kong activists cry betrayal
Britain will hold the funeral of former prime minister Margaret Thatcher on Wednesday with Queen Elizabeth II leading the mourners, officials said, as the country wrestled with deeply divided views of the “Iron Lady”.  —Photo by AFP
Britain will hold the funeral of former prime minister Margaret Thatcher on Wednesday with Queen Elizabeth II leading the mourners, officials said, as the country wrestled with deeply divided views of the “Iron Lady”. —Photo by AFP
BEIJING: Margaret Thatcher was an “outstanding” leader who wisely compromised over Hong Kong’s future, China said Tuesday, although democracy activists in the former British colony itself accused her of betrayal.
The news of the ex-prime minister’s death at the age of 87 featured on the front pages of most major Chinese newspapers – relegating a deadly outbreak of H7N9 bird flu to the inside pages.
During the Conservative leader’s time in power, the overriding issue between London and Beijing was the future of Hong Kong, as the clock ticked down to the expiry of Britain’s lease on the New Territories region in 1997.
Thatcher signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration in 1984 to begin the handover process, giving up on Britain’s hopes of retaining Hong Kong in the face of unbending resistance from China’s paramount leader Deng Xiaoping.
Foreign ministry spokesman Hong Lei praised Thatcher as an “outstanding statesman”.
“She made important contributions to the development of Chinese-British relations, and in particular to the peaceful solution of the issue of Hong Kong,” he told reporters.
The joint declaration followed a brief but bloody war with Argentina in 1982 in which Thatcher “impressed the world with her hardline stance”, China’s state-run Global Times said in an editorial.
“But Thatcher managed to understand that China is not Argentina and Hong Kong is not the Falklands,” it said. “We can say that she made her biggest compromise as prime minister in this issue.”
A decade after the 1997 handover, Thatcher said she regretted her inability to persuade Deng to let Britain extend its control of the prosperous entrepot in southern China, which stretched back to 1842.
Although Britain held Hong Kong Island and part of Kowloon in perpetuity, the future of the territory as a whole was seen as untenable if shorn of its populous hinterland in the New Territories bordering the Chinese mainland.
Xing Hua, a retired academic from the China Institute of International Studies in Beijing, said Thatcher arrived for talks in China ahead of the declaration aiming to “maintain the privileges of the British” in the colony.
“But she took a pragmatic approach to the negotiations to obtain the correct results, which should be commended,” he told AFP.
In the years leading up to 1997, Britain’s last colonial governor Chris Patten promoted limited democratic reforms in Hong Kong – provoking vicious diatribes from Beijing, and criticism from his own bosses in London.
But while the territory enjoys a large measure of autonomy under the Sino-British handover agreement, it still lacks universal suffrage – and pro-democracy campaigners accused Thatcher of abandoning them.
“We were definitely betrayed by the British,” pro-democracy lawmaker Cyd Ho from Hong Kong’s Labour Party told AFP, arguing that Thatcher left the territory’s people “at the mercy of the authoritarian regime” in Beijing.
Fellow pro-democracy lawmaker Lee Cheuk-yan said Thatcher fared “miserably” in terms of her legacy for the territory and accused her of “selling out Hong Kong’s democracy”.
But others said Thatcher had done the best she could for Hong Kong. Democratic Party founder and veteran activist Martin Lee said Thatcher’s options were “heavily limited”.
“I suppose her option would be whether she would start a war with China over Hong Kong, like the war with Argentina over the Falkland islands. But of course nobody would see that it’s a possibility starting a war with China.”

Pakistan drawn with tough Malaysian side in Asia Cup

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Pakistan will face tough resistance from a rising Malaysian hockey team as the two outfits have been placed in Pool ‘A’ along with minnows Japan and Chinese Taipei in the 9th Men’s Asia Cup Hockey Tournament, which will run from August 24 to September 1 this year in Ipoh, Malaysia.
Although Pakistan is the top ranked Asian team, No 5, in the world standings, it has recently fallen way off the performance charts, their latest disaster coming at the six-nation Azlan Shah Cup where they finished rock-bottom.
On the other hand, lowly-ranked Malaysia, the world No 13, put on a brilliant show and narrowly lost the final to world No 2 Australia in the same event.
While Pakistan is likely to enjoy a relatively comfortable outing against Japan and Chinese Taipei, the out-of-form Greenshirts would not want to put anything to chance.
Meanwhile, Pool ‘B’ will see Korea, India, Oman and Bangladesh fight it out for a top spot.
The schedule of the matches will be released by Asian Hockey Federation after approval from International Hockey Federation.

Aisam to fight Pakistan’s Davis Cup case

Aisam ul Haq Qureshi. -Photo by AFP
LAHORE: Pakistan tennis star Aisam-ul Haq Qureshi Wednesday said he would fight Pakistan’s case after a referee’s decision to award a Davis Cup tie to New Zealand because of an unplayable court surface at a neutral venue.
Qureshi, 33, the country’s first player to reach a Grand Slam doubles final, was part of the squad that faced New Zealand in an Asia Oceania group II tie, which was shifted to Myanmar over security fears in Pakistan.
Pakistan were leading 1-0 on Friday and Qureshi was ahead in the second singles match when Sri Lankan referee Ashita Ajigala stopped the match and awarded the tie to New Zealand, as the courts were Pakistan’s responsibility.
The Pakistan Tennis Federation had already announced it was lodging a protest with the International Tennis Federation (ITF), but Qureshi said he would meet Davis Cup officials in London to present the team’s case.
“I am leaving for London and will meet Davis Cup officials on Friday to put Pakistan’s case before them and I am positive of a solution as the tie was unfairly awarded against us,” Qureshi told a press conference.
“It seemed the referee was not working for the ITF but for New Zealand and he was clearly partial and unjust.”
The area declared unplayable was outside the lines of the court, he added.
Qureshi paired with India’s Rohan Bopanna, dubbed the “Indo-Pak express”, to reach the final of US Open doubles in 2010, where they lost to the American Bryan brothers.

Pakistan launches hunt for “King of Speed”



LAHORE: Pakistan Wednesday launched a hunt for fast bowlers to overcome a shortage of quality pacemen in the country once known for its production line of quicks.
Under the “King of Speed” programme, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) will seek out bowlers who can hit 145 kph (90 mph) for a special training camp with legendary left-armer Wasim Akram.
Wasim and pace partner Waqar Younis formed one of the deadliest pairings in international cricket and furthered the art mastered by their illustrious mentor and captain Imran Khan in the 1970s and 80s.
Speed king Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Sami were the two tearaways in 1990s and 2000s, with the former attaining speeds of over 100 mph in international matches.
But the lack of quality pace bowlers has been a concern, with the country’s chief selector Iqbal Qasim last month raising fears Pakistan might not get quality stuff in the pace department unless concerted efforts were made.
“The King of Speed camps will be set up in ten cities across Pakistan from 13 to 21st April and the trials will be held in two phases,” a PCB release said.
Wasim last week agreed to help the PCB unearth talented fast bowlers and also help the current bowlers in the national team ahead of the eight-nation Champions Trophy to be held in England from June 6-23.
The PCB along with their sponsors will give away a grand prize of one million rupees ($10,000) to the bowler who achieves the fastest speed above 145 kph.

Post conflict women: Iraq – Hope and violence

Shatha Al-Abosi. -Photo by author
Shatha Al-Abosi. -Photo by author
“I asked ten of my staff which of them beat their wives. Nine of them said yes.  The tenth was lying”.
These were the words of Canon Andrew White, otherwise known as “The Vicar of Baghdad” when explaining the scale of the problem of domestic abuse in Iraq. The story was the same wherever I asked. The British Ambassador glumly observed that 50 per cent of Iraqi women think it’s OK to be beaten. And everyone spoken to said this was an increasing “post-2003” problem.
My urge to put pen to paper is often sparked by a deeply felt need to present balance. More than once I have shone a spotlight on the positive side to places like Pakistan and Iraq – who are faced with a single media narrative, which usually views the countries through a prism of security and terrorism and rarely of hope and potential. However, there are some less positive issues which are neglected by the media: The plight of the Tamils in Sri Lanka; The Rohingyas in Myanmar; The women in Iraq are all good examples.
Shatha Al-Abosi is a smart woman. Her small frame and traditional dress do not mask her massive determination and passion for the liberation of women. The winner of the 2007 Woman of Courage Award claims to have survived five attempts on her life. Shatha is a women’s rights advocate – and one of a number of impressive, resilient women we met in Baghdad. Another woman all in black tells us she has lost a son and other family members and is committed to lobbying for human rights. Next to her, a lawyer with pink lipstick tells us of her commitment to change. A third, fourth and fifth woman tell us more. The delegation I am travelling with are visibly impressed and we all comment that the women appear as articulate, educated and informed (if not more) than many of their male counterparts.
And yet, all evidence suggests that despite being the givers of life in a country so familiar with death, despite being the source of comfort and nurture – Iraqi women are not cherished and valued in society. Any progress involving women in a future Iraq is undermined by the fact that she is being beaten at home.
The Observer newspaper this weekend published a report on the “Super Wealthy War Babies” of Vietnam. Female entrepreneurs now own 25 per cent of all private enterprises in Vietnam – Asia’s fastest growing economy after China. In another post-conflict country, Rwanda, women make up 56 per cent of Parliament. There is growing evidence to suggest that the oppression of females in a society attempting to recover from an episode of extreme violence is not just a morally wrong idea – it’s a bad idea.
I spoke to Frances Guy, UN Women representative in Iraq about legislation to address domestic abuse. She explained that whilst Kurdistan had passed a law on domestic violence in November 2011, the problem is that it relies on private prosecution so the number of cases has been extremely limited. She explains, “This was similar in many countries in Europe until relatively recently when legislation was changed to allow public prosecution – only at that stage was real progress made”.  At a national level, the Iraqi government has recently endorsed a strategy for combating violence against women. The test will be to see if there is an accompanying implementation plan and resources allocated to the process.
The Organisation of Women’s Freedom in Iraq (OWFI) highlights the loss of males due to conflict as leaving more than 3 million women and girls with no source of income or protection, thereby turning them into “a helpless population which is deprived of all components of human dignity”. The loss of so many Iraqi men is a tragedy that this century will be remembered for – but I wonder whether it is possible to apply some lessons from Vietnam and Rwanda and explore where equality can flourish out of the ashes?
The official statement from the OWFI packs some real punches and points a finger directly at corrupt “human beasts” in Iraq who ignore issues of trafficking, sexual exploitation and polygamy. Wealthier women may escape these issues, they say, but they are plagued by “honor killing, wife battering, unequal inheritance, and unequal testimony in court”.
As we look at what’s wrong, it is healthy to examine what is better. Frances Guy reports that there are some “very positive developments” as publicly funded shelters for victims of violence are set up and a new directorate for combating violence against women has been established in the Ministry of Interior in Kurdistan. She feels that there is now more of a chance that such shelters can be set up in the rest of Iraq, using the Kurdish model.
I quote the Vicar at the beginning of this article because violence against women is not a religious problem. It is not endemically Islamic as some have claimed. I am reminded of a South Asian billboard shared on Facebook which read “Mohammed (pbuh) never hit a woman”.  Violence against women is a human problem that requires a legislative, but also a human response.
To raise a hand or foot or stick to a women betrays a personal and societal tragedy. However, with a massive youth population (over 50 per cent under 18), with economic recovery (set to grow by 14 per cent next year), with some examples from other countries to learn from, and with the determination of some exceptional woman like Shatha, there is real hope for improvement in Iraq. A strategy for combating violence against women is a start.

Let the dead remain buried


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Almost a year ago on April 7th a massive avalanche killed around 139 Pakistani soldiers stationed near the Siachen Glacier. They were buried under more than three million cubic feet of snow at Gyari sector in the war zone between India and Pakistan. In “Heights of Madness” written by the British journalist, Myra Macdonald, Siachen is described as the “world’s highest battlefield. An obscure, unwinnable war fought in the mountains far beyond the reach of ordinary men. A parable of India and Pakistan”. More soldiers have been killed by the weather and terrain in inhospitable Siachen than by enemy fire.
On April 7, 2012, most of the soldiers on the Pakistani side were indoors in the main compound area of their army post located at 13,000 feet when the fast moving avalanche/snow slide hit at 2 am. They were buried within a few seconds and there were no survivors. They say that avalanche victims have the greatest chance of survival if they are rescued within 15 minutes of being buried; but with the entire army post wiped out there was no chance of anyone being rescued any time soon. Besides, they were all buried under one square km of snow, slush and large boulders – apparently a big chunk of the glacier above just fell on them in the middle of the night. Professor Dave Petley, the Wilson Professor of Hazard and Risk in the Department of Geography at Durham University in the UK described it as an “Ice-Rock Avalanche” in his blog.
The avalanche could have been triggered by strong blizzards or even by the frequent changes in temperature caused by climate change. A study looking into the causes behind the avalanche was commissioned by the Pakistan Army and Prof Petley was invited to visit the site but his findings are “classified information” for the army only.
Myra Macdonald, the journalist who visited Gyari years before the avalanche, described it as “built on a small plateau barricaded on one side by a huge vertical wall… there was a helipad, a collection of stone huts, fuel tanks and a bunker”. Gyari was the battalion headquarters located at the base of the Bilafond glacier leading up to the Bilafond-La pass west of the Siachen Glacier. She interviewed the young officers, one of whom told her “We are fighting in the cause of Allah and if we die, we will be martyred… We are not the aggressors. They have come into our territory”. Pakistan accuses India of sneaking into the barren Siachen Glacier in 1984, while the Indians insist that the posts they have gained over two decades of war should be recognised.
Shortly after the avalanche, several foreign teams flew in to help out but their equipment proved to be useless in the slush, snow and rocks of the Siachen avalanche. The Norwegian rescue team, that had plenty of experience of searching for survivors of avalanches, also flew in shortly after the incident to help with the rescue efforts, but they warned the Pakistan Army to just let the bodies remain buried under the ice since it would not be advisable to melt the heavy packed snow due to environmental concerns.
However, the army chose to continue with the search operation at Gyari despite the harsh April weather. Ground penetrating radar teams identified points for further digging and heavy equipment was brought in by road. The Chief of the Army Staff, Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, who visited the area along with journalists, insisted that the operation would continue until each one of the bodies was found.“The minimum we can do is recover the bodies,” said General Kayani, on his third visit after the disaster. On a previous visit, he had said: “If we need to dig out this mountain, we will do so to get the bodies”.
Excavation by a team of over 300 soldiers and engineers continued around the clock with dozers and dumpers and finally a month after the incident some bodies were found. The operation went on and by November 25th 2012, a total of 121 bodies had been recovered. Then freezing winter weather set in and the operation had to be put on hold. By the end of April, the snows start melting in this mountainous region and the Pakistan Army says the search operation will restart as soon as the weather permits.The Pakistan Army spent all summer trying to recover those bodies by drilling, excavating and melting the ice with chemicals. A large lake was created by the rescue efforts (and the earlier avalanche which had blocked the river) and the army had to drain its water to protect the site from being inundated. According to the army’s ISPR (Inter Services Public Relations) statement, “efforts were undertaken to tackle the effects of water on the site in the shape of pondages, cutting and crevasses. The water has started draining and has resulted in the quick reduction of the water level in the lake to the tune of 27 feet”.
The construction has disturbed the area so much that it is no longer safe for habitation and it is probably quite risky for the soldiers and engineers to continue excavating the site in the coming months. The army might be proud of its tradition of not leaving a man behind regardless of the cost, but a year after the tragedy it does not make any sense for the operation to go on.
Calls have been made by former soldiers (who have served in Siachen) to let the martyred soldiers stay on in Siachen. Perhaps a memorial could be made instead at Gyari to honour those who died. Drilling and digging further into the area, which is surrounded by glaciers, is not only dangerous, but it is clearly taking a heavy toll on the landscape. Already, environmental experts are saying that heavy military presence is speeding up the melting of the massive Siachen Glacier, which is the longest glacier in the Karakoram Mountains and the second-longest in the world’s non-polar areas. This could have far reaching consequences on the local climate of the region.
According to Pakistani water expert Arshad Abbasi, the Siachen Glaicer is not melting because of climate change, but because of the military conflict on the glacier. In his view, “The reports with legitimate data confirm that Siachen is melting simply because of army presence. Whosoever claims it is because of global warming, let them conduct an independent audit by a panel of creditable glaciologists for the International Court of Justice so that the responsibility of the 32 years-long adventure can be fixed, which has caused colossal human, financial and environmental loss. Civil societies of both the countries, and world community at large, ought to take this case to demilitarise the third polar cap of the planet”.

2008 elections: When generals contested elections against martyrs


ballot-box_290Pakistanis return to the ballot box in a few weeks. While pollsters are busy trying to forecast the next election’s outcome, I am struggling with back-casting the last election. With a military dictator as the President, and the country’s most populist politician assassinated while campaigning, the elections in 2008 were impossible to call for even for the very best of the forecasters.
Imagine the task of predicting Pakistan Peoples Party’s (PPP) vote in the last elections just a day before late Benazir Bhutto on November 11, 2007, showed up outside the Chief Justice’s residence.  That move alone brought many back to the PPP’s camp. Or what about having to adjust your forecasting models to account for the sympathy vote for PPP after Ms. Bhutto’s assassination in December 2007. The public opinion was swinging back and forth between the rivals and assassinations, bomb blasts, and solidarity with the incarcerated judges were instrumental in influencing voters.
Many independent observers have argued that the elections in 2008 were neither free nor fair.  The Musharraf regime used the state’s machinery to try to put the King’s party, Pakistan Muslim League – Quaide Azam (PML-Q), in the lead. If it were not for the sympathy vote that landed in PPP’s lap after the tragic assassination of Benazir Bhutto, PML-Q could very well have emerged as victorious in the heavily manipulated elections.
Given the unique circumstances surrounding the 2008 elections, it may not be prudent to extrapolate from the 2008 election results to forecast the outcome of the May 2013 elections in Pakistan. Hence, instead of trying to forecast the election results in 2013, I would like to review the results of 2008 elections to see what can be learnt from the last elections.
The last elections were held in Pakistan on February 18, 2008. The voter turnout was recorded at 44 per cent. Given the highly politicised society, the voter turnout was indeed lower than expected. However, there could be several reasons for the low voter turnout. There has been no consensus in Pakistan about the legitimacy of the electoral rolls. The scrutiny by NADRA revealed that rolls were largely bogus in provinces like Balochistan. Hence, measures such as voter turnout are primarily meaningless for gauging enthusiasm about electoral democracy in Pakistan.
I present here an analysis of voting behaviour as was recorded in 2008’s elections. The analysis is based on results compiled from 268 federal constituencies out of a total of 272. The missing data are for constituencies where elections were not held, postponed, or the results were not declared or available for this analysis. A breakdown of party seats is presented in the table below.
PPP received 87 seats (32 per cent) in the National Assembly and received a total of 6 million votes for the winning candidates.  The Nawaz League (PML-N) was second with 67 seats, and the King’s party (PML-Q) was third with 42 seats. The elections also returned 29 independents and 19 MQM candidates, along with other smaller groups.
Notice the subtle differences in the average number of votes for each seat secured in the National Assembly by various parties. PML-Q at 62,230 votes polled far fewer votes for each winning candidate than PPP and PML-N. Independents polled even less votes than the PML-Q. MQM, which is active in urban Sindh, had to win very large constituencies where average votes secured by MQM’s winning candidates were almost two-times more than the average.
2008-elections---Image-1
While the above table presents the results for the winning candidates, it is equally important to see who else did the voters vote for in the last elections. A look at the votes polled for those who stood second, third, and fourth in the elections suggest that at least another 15.8 million votes were polled in the 2008 elections. The numbers presented in the table below are slightly different from the number of votes reported above because the number of votes polled used in the following table are for an earlier release of the elections 2008 data.
When we consider the total votes polled for each party, the PPP with over 10.4 million votes comes out in the lead. Interestingly, PML-N polled fewer votes than PML-Q even when PML-N got 25 seats more than PML-Q. The difference is because PML-Q polled 4.4 million votes for candidate who came in second. In fact, 67 per cent of the votes polled for PML-N were for the winning candidate compared for only 32 per cent of the same for PML-Q. Given that MQM is largely an urban Sindhi party and is active in only a small number of federal constituencies, 96 per cent of the votes polled for MQM were for the winning candidate.
2008-elections---Image-2
Even if the PPP and PML-N were to maintain their vote banks in the next elections, the 7.8 million votes polled by PML-Q will still be up for grabs.  It is highly unlikely for General Musharraf or the Chaudhry brothers from Gujrat to attract the 7.8 million voters to their camps. A more likely scenario is that the PML-Q voters may either return to PML-N or they may support Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI).
Team Zardari must be hoping for a stronger than expected showing for PTI in the next elections. PPP will benefit from the scenario in which PTI attracts PML-Q voters. Otherwise, the prospect of the Muslim League’s voters consolidating under the Nawaz League’s banner may spell trouble for the PPP. Recall that over 14.4 million voted for the two Muslim Leagues in the last elections compared to only 10.4 million who voted for the PPP.